Myopy – risk factors, prevention
Medical Review (Med. pregled), 2023, 59(3), 50-53.
H. Vidinova1, А. Koeva2
1 Chair of Ophthalmology, Military Medical Academy – Sofia
2 Chair of Optics and Spectroscopy, Sveti Kliment Ohridski Sofia University
Abstract. Myopia is a type of clinical refraction, a form of spherical refractive error, in which the eye has a relatively stronger refractive power for the corresponding length of the anterior-posterior axis. The focus of this optical system is located well in front of the retina. Myopia can be congenital or appear later, most often at school age. It can be stationary or progressive. In the stationary type, diopters usually do not change significantly after puberty. In progressive myopia, the refraction rapidly increases and reaches -10, -20 diopters. It is combined with an increased anterior-posterior diameter of the eye, thinning of the retina and sclera, as a result of which degenerative changes occur. The risk factors for the development and progression of myopia, as well as the methods for its prevention, are described in detail.
Key words: myopia, risk factors, prevention
Address for correspondence: Assoc. Prof. Hristina Vidinova, MD, e-mail: christinavidinova@yahoo.com